888 BOT #backtest█ 888 BOT #backtest (open source)
This is an Expert Advisor 'EA' or Automated trading script for ‘longs’ and ‘shorts’, which uses only a Take Profit or, in the worst case, a Stop Loss to close the trade.
It's a much improved version of the previous ‘Repanocha’. It doesn`t use 'Trailing Stop' or 'security()' functions (although using a security function doesn`t mean that the script repaints) and all signals are confirmed, therefore the script doesn`t repaint in alert mode and is accurate in backtest mode.
Apart from the previous indicators, some more and other functions have been added for Stop-Loss, re-entry and leverage.
It uses 8 indicators, (many of you already know what they are, but in case there is someone new), these are the following:
1. Jurik Moving Average
It's a moving average created by Mark Jurik for professionals which eliminates the 'lag' or delay of the signal. It's better than other moving averages like EMA , DEMA , AMA or T3.
There are two ways to decrease noise using JMA . Increasing the 'LENGTH' parameter will cause JMA to move more slowly and therefore reduce noise at the expense of adding 'lag'
The 'JMA LENGTH', 'PHASE' and 'POWER' parameters offer a way to select the optimal balance between 'lag' and over boost.
Green: Bullish , Red: Bearish .
2. Range filter
Created by Donovan Wall, its function is to filter or eliminate noise and to better determine the price trend in the short term.
First, a uniform average price range 'SAMPLING PERIOD' is calculated for the filter base and multiplied by a specific quantity 'RANGE MULTIPLIER'.
The filter is then calculated by adjusting price movements that do not exceed the specified range.
Finally, the target ranges are plotted to show the prices that will trigger the filter movement.
Green: Bullish , Red: Bearish .
3. Average Directional Index ( ADX Classic) and ( ADX Masanakamura)
It's an indicator designed by Welles Wilder to measure the strength and direction of the market trend. The price movement is strong when the ADX has a positive slope and is above a certain minimum level 'ADX THRESHOLD' and for a given period 'ADX LENGTH'.
The green color of the bars indicates that the trend is bullish and that the ADX is above the level established by the threshold.
The red color of the bars indicates that the trend is down and that the ADX is above the threshold level.
The orange color of the bars indicates that the price is not strong and will surely lateralize.
You can choose between the classic option and the one created by a certain 'Masanakamura'. The main difference between the two is that in the first it uses RMA () and in the second SMA () in its calculation.
4. Parabolic SAR
This indicator, also created by Welles Wilder, places points that help define a trend. The Parabolic SAR can follow the price above or below, the peculiarity that it offers is that when the price touches the indicator, it jumps to the other side of the price (if the Parabolic SAR was below the price it jumps up and vice versa) to a distance predetermined by the indicator. At this time the indicator continues to follow the price, reducing the distance with each candle until it is finally touched again by the price and the process starts again. This procedure explains the name of the indicator: the Parabolic SAR follows the price generating a characteristic parabolic shape, when the price touches it, stops and turns ( SAR is the acronym for 'stop and reverse'), giving rise to a new cycle. When the points are below the price, the trend is up, while the points above the price indicate a downward trend.
5. RSI with Volume
This indicator was created by LazyBear from the popular RSI .
The RSI is an oscillator-type indicator used in technical analysis and also created by Welles Wilder that shows the strength of the price by comparing individual movements up or down in successive closing prices.
LazyBear added a volume parameter that makes it more accurate to the market movement.
A good way to use RSI is by considering the 50 'RSI CENTER LINE' centerline. When the oscillator is above, the trend is bullish and when it is below, the trend is bearish .
6. Moving Average Convergence Divergence ( MACD ) and ( MAC-Z )
It was created by Gerald Appel. Subsequently, the histogram was added to anticipate the crossing of MA. Broadly speaking, we can say that the MACD is an oscillator consisting of two moving averages that rotate around the zero line. The MACD line is the difference between a short moving average 'MACD FAST MA LENGTH' and a long moving average 'MACD SLOW MA LENGTH'. It's an indicator that allows us to have a reference on the trend of the asset on which it is operating, thus generating market entry and exit signals.
We can talk about a bull market when the MACD histogram is above the zero line, along with the signal line, while we are talking about a bear market when the MACD histogram is below the zero line.
There is the option of using the MAC-Z indicator created by LazyBear, which according to its author is more effective, by using the parameter VWAP ( volume weighted average price ) 'Z-VWAP LENGTH' together with a standard deviation 'STDEV LENGTH' in its calculation.
7. Volume Condition
Volume indicates the number of participants in this war between bulls and bears, the more volume the more likely the price will move in favor of the trend. A low trading volume indicates a lower number of participants and interest in the instrument in question. Low volumes may reveal weakness behind a price movement.
With this condition, those signals whose volume is less than the volume SMA for a period 'SMA VOLUME LENGTH' multiplied by a factor 'VOLUME FACTOR' are filtered. In addition, it determines the leverage used, the more volume , the more participants, the more probability that the price will move in our favor, that is, we can use more leverage. The leverage in this script is determined by how many times the volume is above the SMA line.
The maximum leverage is 8.
8. Bollinger Bands
This indicator was created by John Bollinger and consists of three bands that are drawn superimposed on the price evolution graph.
The central band is a moving average, normally a simple moving average calculated with 20 periods is used. ('BB LENGTH' Number of periods of the moving average)
The upper band is calculated by adding the value of the simple moving average X times the standard deviation of the moving average. ('BB MULTIPLIER' Number of times the standard deviation of the moving average)
The lower band is calculated by subtracting the simple moving average X times the standard deviation of the moving average.
the band between the upper and lower bands contains, statistically, almost 90% of the possible price variations, which means that any movement of the price outside the bands has special relevance.
In practical terms, Bollinger bands behave as if they were an elastic band so that, if the price touches them, it has a high probability of bouncing.
Sometimes, after the entry order is filled, the price is returned to the opposite side. If price touch the Bollinger band in the same previous conditions, another order is filled in the same direction of the position to improve the average entry price, (% MINIMUM BETTER PRICE ': Minimum price for the re-entry to be executed and that is better than the price of the previous position in a given %) in this way we give the trade a chance that the Take Profit is executed before. The downside is that the position is doubled in size. 'ACTIVATE DIVIDE TP': Divide the size of the TP in half. More probability of the trade closing but less profit.
█ STOP LOSS and RISK MANAGEMENT.
A good risk management is what can make your equity go up or be liquidated.
The % risk is the percentage of our capital that we are willing to lose by operation. This is recommended to be between 1-5%.
% Risk: (% Stop Loss x % Equity per trade x Leverage) / 100
First the strategy is calculated with Stop Loss, then the risk per operation is determined and from there, the amount per operation is calculated and not vice versa.
In this script you can use a normal Stop Loss or one according to the ATR. Also activate the option to trigger it earlier if the risk percentage is reached. '% RISK ALLOWED'
'STOP LOSS CONFIRMED': The Stop Loss is only activated if the closing of the previous bar is in the loss limit condition. It's useful to prevent the SL from triggering when they do a ‘pump’ to sweep Stops and then return the price to the previous state.
█ BACKTEST
The objective of the Backtest is to evaluate the effectiveness of our strategy. A good Backtest is determined by some parameters such as:
- RECOVERY FACTOR: It consists of dividing the 'net profit' by the 'drawdown’. An excellent trading system has a recovery factor of 10 or more; that is, it generates 10 times more net profit than drawdown.
- PROFIT FACTOR: The ‘Profit Factor’ is another popular measure of system performance. It's as simple as dividing what win trades earn by what loser trades lose. If the strategy is profitable then by definition the 'Profit Factor' is going to be greater than 1. Strategies that are not profitable produce profit factors less than one. A good system has a profit factor of 2 or more. The good thing about the ‘Profit Factor’ is that it tells us what we are going to earn for each dollar we lose. A profit factor of 2.5 tells us that for every dollar we lose operating we will earn 2.5.
- SHARPE: (Return system - Return without risk) / Deviation of returns.
When the variations of gains and losses are very high, the deviation is very high and that leads to a very poor ‘Sharpe’ ratio. If the operations are very close to the average (little deviation) the result is a fairly high 'Sharpe' ratio. If a strategy has a 'Sharpe' ratio greater than 1 it is a good strategy. If it has a 'Sharpe' ratio greater than 2, it is excellent. If it has a ‘Sharpe’ ratio less than 1 then we don't know if it is good or bad, we have to look at other parameters.
- MATHEMATICAL EXPECTATION: (% winning trades X average profit) + (% losing trades X average loss).
To earn money with a Trading system, it is not necessary to win all the operations, what is really important is the final result of the operation. A Trading system has to have positive mathematical expectation as is the case with this script: ME = (0.87 x 30.74$) - (0.13 x 56.16$) = (26.74 - 7.30) = 19.44$ > 0
The game of roulette, for example, has negative mathematical expectation for the player, it can have positive winning streaks, but in the long term, if you continue playing you will end up losing, and casinos know this very well.
PARAMETERS
'BACKTEST DAYS': Number of days back of historical data for the calculation of the Backtest.
'ENTRY TYPE': For '% EQUITY' if you have $ 10,000 of capital and select 7.5%, for example, your entry would be $ 750 without leverage. If you select CONTRACTS for the 'BTCUSDT' pair, for example, it would be the amount in 'Bitcoins' and if you select 'CASH' it would be the amount in $ dollars.
'QUANTITY (LEVERAGE 1X)': The amount for an entry with X1 leverage according to the previous section.
'MAXIMUM LEVERAGE': It's the maximum allowed multiplier of the quantity entered in the previous section according to the volume condition.
The settings are for Bitcoin at Binance Futures (BTC: USDTPERP) in 15 minutes.
For other pairs and other timeframes, the settings have to be adjusted again. And within a month, the settings will be different because we all know the market and the trend are changing.
Wyszukaj w skryptach "bear"
Bitcoin Bullish Percent IndexHello Traders,
This is Bitcoin Bullish Percent Index script. First lets talk about what the Bullish Percent Index and how it is calculated:
"The Bullish Percent Index (BPI) is a breadth indicator based on the number of securities on Point & Figure Buy Signals, Developed by Abe Cohen in the mid-1950s. Because a security is either on a P&F Buy or Sell Signal, there is no ambiguity when it comes to P&F charts. This makes BPI a straightforward indicator with clearly defined signals."
The calculation is straightforward and simple: (Number of securities on P&F Buy signals) / (Total number of securities)
Here you can see what the P&F buy signal is:
In this script I choose 40 cryptos that is correlated ( as I see ) with BTC (including BtcUsdt). in the first part the script creates P&F chart for each security and check if there is Buy or Sell signal and sum the buy signals if there is. in the second part it creates P&F chart by using the P&F buy/sell signals coming from the securities P&F chart. because of complicated calculation the script may need a few seconds to load.
in the first part reversal value is 3 by default but you can set different values as reversal. sometimes I got better results with reversal = 5.
in BPI part reversal = 3 is used. so each box represents 2% (each X or O is a box). And this means it takes at least a 6% move in BPI for a reversal. the Bullish Percent Index favors the bulls when above 50% and the bears when below 50%. The bulls have the edge when over 50% of stocks are on a P&F Buy Signal. BPI is also considered overbought when above 70% and oversold when below 30%. BPI can move between 0 and 100.
Because of 40 securities are used in the script and all different prices, it uses Percentage scaling only. it can calculate the Percentage automatically by using the time frame of the chart or you can set it as you wish.
The Signals coming from BPI:
Bull Alert: BPI is below 30% and then forms a new column of X's (rises)
Bear Alert: BPI is above 70% and then forms a new column of O's that decline below 70%.
Bull Confirmed: BPI is on a P&F buy signal and in a column of X's (rising).
Bear Confirmed: BPI is on a P&F sell signal and in a column of O's (falling).
Bull Correction: BPI is on a P&F buy signal, but currently falling (column of O's).
Bear Correction: BPI is on a P&F sell signal, but currently rising (column of X's).
If you are not familiar with Bullish Percent Index you better search it on the net to get more info, you can find a lot of articles and web sites about BPI.
as I remember I developed the script 6-7 months ago and today I had chance to publish it as it was
Enjoy!
EMA 5/10/21 SMA 50/100/200The Script is mixture of both EMAs and SMAs. EMA 5/10/21 are powerful indicators for short term providing more weightage to the recent prices. SMA 50/100/200 provide the long term view.
5 Day EMA: This is a sign of strong momentum. It tracks the trend in the short term time frame. This is support in the strongest up trends. This line can only be used in low volatility trends with strong momentum. A break back above this line is a sign for me that an uptrend may be resuming. I primarily use it as an end of day trailing stop. It is rare that this line does not break intraday, even in the strongest trending markets.
• 10 day EMA: The 10 day EMA is a great moving average to use to keep you on the right side of the major market trend. It is usually the first line to be lost before any real trouble begins. It can be used as a standalone signal in some stocks and markets that tend to trend strongly in one direction for long periods.
• 21 day EMA: This is the intermediate term moving average. It is generally the last line of support in a volatile uptrend. To me, it is the inevitable reversion to the mean in a market when it finally pulls back after an extended trend.
• 50 day SMA: This is the line that strong leading stocks typically pull back to. This is usually the support level for strong uptrends. It is normal for uptrending markets to pull back to this line and find support. Most bull markets and uptrends will pull back to this level. It is generally a great “Buy the dip” level.
• 100 day SMA: This is the line that provides the support between the 50 day and the 200 day. If it does not hold as support, there is a high probability that the 200 day SMA is the next stop. This is the deeper pullback level in bull markets and uptrends. It usually presents a great risk/reward ratio in bull markets.
• 200 day SMA: Bulls like to buy dips when markets are trading above the 200 day moving average, while bears sell rallies short below it. Bears usually win below this line, as the 200 day becomes longer term resistance, and bulls buy pullbacks to the 200 day as long as the price stays above it. This line is one of the biggest signals in the market telling you which side to be on. Bull above, Bear below. Bad things happen to stocks and markets when this line is lost.
Trend following 3 EMA & Bullish Engulfing indicator for ForexHello world,
I now took the time and puzzled through my own indicator.
The idea:
Main "strategy" uses 3 EMAs (8, 13 and 21) to attain trend-relevant information.
Then we look for bullish & bearing engulfing candles which indicate and pullback into trend direction and a gain in momentum.
Trading purpose:
One could now enter with next open. SL at low/high of engulfing candle. TP at e.g. 1.25 of that candles size.
Security:
There are two security functions build in.
We check for higher timeframe confirmation.
This is done by checking if current trend is in accordance with the EMA of the next higher timframe.
Standard-deviation is 3 on default. Can be changed in the inputs.
Alerts:
Until now there is just one alertcondition programmed.
It alerts for every engulfing candle (bullish and bearish).
More will follow in further versions.
Inputs:
I build in multiple inputs.
- switch on/off the security EMA's
- define security trend backcheck
- define the higher timeframe (15min/1h, 1h/240, 4h/D, D/W)
Happy to take feedback or contr.
All the best,
c4ss10p314
Monthly MA Close Generates buy or sell signal if monthly candle closes above or below the signal MA.
Long positions only.
Inputs:
-Change timeframe MA
-Change period MA
-Use SMA or EMA
-Display MA
-Use another ticker as signal
-Select time period for backtesting
This script is not necessarily written to maximize profits, but to minimize losses.
Although it can outperform 'Buy & Hold' on some occasions when there is a multiple month bearisch trend.
You can optimise this strategy by changing the signal MA inputs.
I would suggest aiming for the best Profit Factor starting from the monthly ("M") setting.
You can always fine-tune the results at a lower timeframe.
The option to use another ticker for providing signals can give you a more stable and unified results.
For example using AMEX:SPY as signal with default parameters gives better results with NASDAQ:AAPL than if you would use NASDAQ:AAPL itself.
I used the anti-repainting function from PineCoders to prevent repainting.
This script is best used for multi-month trading positions & Daily or 4H setting of your chart.
Delta Volume Candles [LucF]█ OVERVIEW
This indicator plots on-chart volume delta information using candles that can replace your normal candles, tops and bottoms appended to normal candles, optional MAs of those tops and bottoms levels, a divergence channel and a chart background. The indicator calculates volume delta using intrabar analysis, meaning that it uses the lower timeframe bars constituting each chart bar.
█ CONCEPTS
Volume Delta
The volume delta concept divides a bar's volume in "up" and "down" volumes. The delta is calculated by subtracting down volume from up volume. Many calculation techniques exist to isolate up and down volume within a bar. The simplest use the polarity of interbar price changes to assign their volume to up or down slots, e.g., On Balance Volume or the Klinger Oscillator . Others such as Chaikin Money Flow use assumptions based on a bar's OHLC values. The most precise calculation method uses tick data and assigns the volume of each tick to the up or down slot depending on whether the transaction occurs at the bid or ask price. While this technique is ideal, it requires huge amounts of data on historical bars, which considerably limits the historical depth of charts and the number of symbols for which tick data is available. Furthermore, historical tick data is not yet available on TradingView.
This indicator uses intrabar analysis to achieve a compromise between the simplest and most precise methods of calculating volume delta. It is currently the most precise method usable on TradingView charts. TradingView's Volume Profile built-in indicators use it, as do the CVD - Cumulative Volume Delta Candles and CVD - Cumulative Volume Delta (Chart) indicators published from the TradingView account . My Delta Volume Channels and Volume Delta Columns Pro indicators also use intrabar analysis. Other volume delta indicators such as my Realtime 5D Profile use realtime chart updates to calculate volume delta without intrabar analysis, but that type of indicator only works in real time; they cannot calculate on historical bars.
This is the logic I use to determine the polarity of intrabars, which determines the up or down slot where its volume is added:
• If the intrabar's open and close values are different, their relative position is used.
• If the intrabar's open and close values are the same, the difference between the intrabar's close and the previous intrabar's close is used.
• As a last resort, when there is no movement during an intrabar, and it closes at the same price as the previous intrabar, the last known polarity is used.
Once all intrabars making up a chart bar have been analyzed and the up or down property of each intrabar's volume determined, the up volumes are added, and the down volumes subtracted. The resulting value is volume delta for that chart bar, which can be used as an estimate of the buying/selling pressure on an instrument. Not all markets have volume information. Without it, this indicator is useless.
Intrabar analysis
Intrabars are chart bars at a lower timeframe than the chart's. The timeframe used to access intrabars determines the number of intrabars accessible for each chart bar. On a 1H chart, each chart bar of an active market will, for example, usually contain 60 bars at the lower timeframe of 1min, provided there was market activity during each minute of the hour.
This indicator automatically calculates an appropriate lower timeframe using the chart's timeframe and the settings you use in the script's "Intrabars" section of the inputs. As it can access lower timeframes as small as seconds when available, the indicator can be used on charts at relatively small timeframes such as 1min, provided the market is active enough to produce bars at second timeframes.
The quantity of intrabars analyzed in each chart bar determines:
• The precision of calculations (more intrabars yield more precise results).
• The chart coverage of calculations (there is a 100K limit to the quantity of intrabars that can be analyzed on any chart,
so the more intrabars you analyze per chart bar, the less chart bars can be calculated by the indicator).
The information box displayed at the bottom right of the chart shows the lower timeframe used for intrabars, as well as the average number of intrabars detected for chart bars and statistics on chart coverage.
Balances
This indicator calculates five balances from volume delta values. The balances are oscillators with a zero centerline; positive values are bullish, and negative values are bearish. It is important to understand the balances as they can be used to:
• Color candle bodies.
• Calculate body and top and bottom divergences.
• Color an EMA channel.
• Color the chart's background.
• Configure markers and alerts.
The five balances are:
1 — Bar Balance : This is the only balance using instant values; it is simply the subtraction of the down volume from the up volume on the bar, so the instant volume delta for that bar.
2 — Average Balance : Calculates a distinct EMA for both the up and down volumes, and subtracts the down EMA from the up EMA.
The result is akin to MACD's histogram because it is the subtraction of two moving averages.
3 — Momentum Balance : Starts by calculating, separately for both up and down volumes, the difference between the same EMAs used in "Average Balance" and
an SMA of twice the period used for the "Average Balance" EMAs. The difference for the up side is subtracted from the difference for the down side,
and an RSI of that value is calculated and brought over the −50/+50 scale.
4 — Relative Balance : The reference values used in the calculation are the up and down EMAs used in the "Average Balance".
From those, we calculate two intermediate values using how much the instant up and down volumes on the bar exceed their respective EMA — but with a twist.
If the bar's up volume does not exceed the EMA of up volume, a zero value is used. The same goes for the down volume with the EMA of down volume.
Once we have our two intermediate values for the up and down volumes exceeding their respective MA, we subtract them. The final value is an ALMA of that subtraction.
The rationale behind using zero values when the bar's up/down volume does not exceed its EMA is to only take into account the more significant volume.
If both instant volume values exceed their MA, then the difference between the two is the signal's value.
The signal is called "relative" because the intermediate values are the difference between the instant up/down volumes and their respective MA.
This balance flatlines when the bar's up/down volumes do not exceed their EMAs, which makes it useful to spot areas where trader interest dwindles, such as consolidations.
The smaller the period of the final value's ALMA, the more easily it will flatline. These flat zones should be considered no-trade zones.
5 — Percent Balance : This balance is the ALMA of the ratio of the "Bar Balance" over the total volume for that bar.
From the balances and marker conditions, two more values are calculated:
1 — Marker Bias : This sums the up/down (+1/‒1) occurrences of the markers 1 to 4 over a period you define, so it ranges from −4 to +4, times the period.
Its calculation will depend on the modes used to calculate markers 3 and 4.
2 — Combined Balances : This is the sum of the bull/bear (+1/−1) states of each of the five balances, so it ranges from −5 to +5.
The periods for all of these balances can be configured in the "Periods" section at the bottom of the script's inputs. As you cannot see the balances on the chart, you can use my Volume Delta Columns Pro indicator in a pane; it can plot the same balances, so you will be able to analyze them.
Divergences
In the context of this indicator, a divergence is any bar where the bear/bull state of a balance (above/below its zero centerline) diverges from the polarity of a chart bar. No directional bias is assigned to divergences when they occur. Candle bodies and tops/bottoms can each be colored differently on divergences detected from distinct balances.
Divergence Channel
The divergence channel is the space between two levels (by default, the bar's open and close ) saved when divergences occur. When price (by default the close ) has breached a channel and a new divergence occurs, a new channel is created. Until that new channel is breached, bars where additional divergences occur will expand the channel's levels if the bar's price points are outside the channel.
Prices breaches of the divergence channel will change its state. Divergence channels can be in one of three different states:
• Bull (green): Price has breached the channel to the upside.
• Bear (red): Price has breached the channel to the downside.
• Neutral (gray): The channel has not yet been breached.
█ HOW TO USE THE INDICATOR
I do not make videos to explain how to use my indicators. I do, however, try hard to include in their description everything one needs to understand what they do. From there, it's up to you to explore and figure out if they can be useful in your trading practice. Communicating in videos what this description and the script's tooltips contain would make for very long videos that would likely exceed the attention span of most people who find this description too long. There is no quick way to understand an indicator such as this one because it uses many different concepts and has quite a bit of settings one can use to modify its visuals and behavior — thus how one uses it. I will happily answer questions on the inner workings of the indicator, but I do not answer questions like "How do I trade using this indicator?" A useful answer to that question would require an in-depth analysis of who you are, your trading methodology and objectives, which I do not have time for. I do not teach trading.
Start by loading the indicator on an active chart containing volume information. See here if you need help.
The default configuration displays:
• Normal candles where the bodies are only colored if the bar's volume has increased since the last bar.
If you want to use this indicator's candles, you may want to disable your chart's candles by clicking the eye icon to the right of the symbol's name in the top left of the chart.
• A top or bottom appended to the normal candles. It represents the difference between up and down volume for that bar
and is positioned at the top or bottom, depending on its polarity. If up volume is greater than down volume, a top is displayed. If down volume is greater, a bottom is plotted.
The size of tops and bottoms is determined by calculating a factor which is the proportion of volume delta over the bar's total volume.
That factor is then used to calculate the top or bottom size relative to a baseline of the average candle body size of the last 100 bars.
• An information box in the bottom right displaying intrabar and chart coverage information.
• A light red background when the intrabar volume differs from the chart's volume by more than 1%.
The script's inputs contain tooltips explaining most of the fields. I will not repeat them here. Following is a brief description of each section of the indicator's inputs which will give you an idea of what the indicator can do:
Normal Candles is where you configure the replacement candles plotted by the script. You can choose from different coloring schemes for their bodies and specify a unique color for bodies where a divergence calculated using the method you choose occurs.
Volume Tops & Botttoms is where you configure the display of tops and bottoms, and their EMAs. The EMAs are calculated from the high point of tops and the low point of bottoms. They can act as a channel to evaluate price, and you can choose to color the channel using a gradient reflecting the advances/declines in the balance of your choice.
Divergence Channel is where you set up the appearance and behavior of the divergence channel. These areas represent levels where price and volume delta information do not converge. They can be interpreted as regions with no clear direction from where one will look for breaches. You can configure the channel to take into account one or both types of divergences you have configured for candle bodies and tops/bottoms.
Background allows you to configure a gradient background color that reflects the advances/declines in the balance of your choice. You can use this to provide context to the volume delta values from bars. You can also control the background color displayed on volume discrepancies between the intrabar and the chart's timeframe.
Intrabars is where you choose the calculation mode determining the lower timeframe used to access intrabars. The indicator uses the chart's timeframe and the type of market you are on to calculate the lower timeframe. Your setting there should reflect which compromise you prefer between the precision of calculations and chart coverage. This is also where you control the display of the information box in the lower right corner of the chart.
Markers allows you to control the plotting of chart markers on different conditions. Their configuration determines when alerts generated from the indicator will fire. Note that in order to generate alerts from this script, they must be created from your chart. See this Help Center page to learn how. Only the last 500 markers will be visible on the chart, but this will not affect the generation of alerts.
Periods is where you configure the periods for the balances and the EMAs used in the indicator.
The raw values calculated by this script can be inspected using the Data Window.
█ INTERPRETATION
Rightly or wrongly, volume delta is considered by many a useful complement to the interpretation of price action. I use it extensively in an attempt to find convergence between my read of volume delta and price movement — not so much as a predictor of future price movement. No system or person can predict the future. Accordingly, I consider people who speak or act as if they know the future with certainty to be dangerous to themselves and others; they are charlatans, imprudent or blissfully ignorant.
I try to avoid elaborate volume delta interpretation schemes involving too many variables and prefer to keep things simple:
• Trends that have more chances of continuing should be accompanied by VD of the same polarity.
In trends, I am looking for "slow and steady". I work from the assumption that traders and systems often overreact, which translates into unproductive volatility.
Wild trends are more susceptible to overreactions.
• I prefer steady VD values over wildly increasing ones, as large VD increases often come with increased price volatility, which can backfire.
Large VD values caused by stopping volume will also often occur on trend reversals with abnormally high candles.
• Prices escaping divergence channels may be leading a trend in that direction, although there is no telling how long that trend will last; could be just a few bars or hundreds.
When price is in a channel, shifts in VD balances can sometimes give us an idea of the direction where price has the most chance of breaking.
• Dwindling VD will often indicate trend exhaustion and predate reversals by many bars, but the problem is that mere pauses in a trend will often produce the same behavior in VD.
I think it is too perilous to infer rigidly from VD decreases.
Divergence Channel
Here I have configured the divergence channels to be visible. First, I set the bodies to display divergences on the default Bar Balance. They are indicated by yellow bodies. Then I activated the divergence channels by choosing to draw levels on body divergences and checked the "Fill" checkbox to fill the channel with the same color as the levels. The divergence channel is best understood as a direction-less area from where a breach can be acted on if other variables converge with the breach's direction:
Tops and Bottoms EMAs
I find these EMAs rather interesting. They have no equivalent elsewhere, as they are calculated from the top and bottom values this indicator plots. The only similarity they have with volume-weighted MAs, including VWAP, is that they use price and volume. This indicator's Tops and Bottoms EMAs, however, use the price and volume delta. While the channel differs from other channels in how it is calculated, it can be used like others, as a baseline from which to evaluate price movement or, alternatively, as stop levels. Remember that you can change the period used for the EMAs in the "Periods" section of the inputs.
This chart shows the EMAs in action, filled with a gradient representing the advances/decline from the Momentum balance. Notice the anomaly in the chart's latest bars where the Momentum balance gradient has been indicating a bullish bias for some time, during which price was mostly below the EMAs. Price has just broken above the channel on positive VD. My interpretation of this situation would be that it is a risky opportunity for a long trade in the larger context where the market has been in a downtrend since the 5th. Intrepid traders choosing to enter here could do so with a "make or break" tight stop that will minimize their losses should the market continue its downtrend while hopefully preserving the potential upside of price continuing on the longer-term uptrend prevalent since the 28th:
█ NOTES
Volume
If you use indicators such as this one which depends on volume information, it is important to realize that the volume data they consume comes from data feeds, and that all data feeds are NOT created equally. Those who create the data feeds we use must make decisions concerning the nature of the transactions they tally and the way they are tallied in each feed, and these decisions affect the nature of our volume data. My Volume X-ray publication discusses some of the reasons why volume information from different timeframes, brokers/exchanges or sectors may vary considerably. I encourage you to read it. This indicator's display of a warning through a background color on volume discrepancies between the timeframe used to access intrabars and the chart's timeframe is an attempt to help you realize these variations in feeds. Don't take things for granted, and understand that the quality of a given feed's volume information affects the quality of the results this indicator calculates.
Markets as ecosystems
I believe it is perilous to think that behavioral patterns you discover in one market through the lens of this or any other indicator will necessarily port to other markets. While this may sometimes be the case, it will often not. Why is that? Because each market is its own ecosystem. As cities do, all markets share some common characteristics, but they also all have their idiosyncrasies. A proportion of a city's inhabitants is always composed of outsiders who come and go, but a core population of regulars and systems is usually the force that actually defines most of the city's observable characteristics. I believe markets work somewhat the same way; they may look the same, but if you live there for a while and pay attention, you will notice the idiosyncrasies. Some things that work in some markets will, accordingly, not work in others. Please keep that in mind when you draw conclusions.
On Up/Down or Buy/Sell Volume
Buying or selling volume are misnomers, as every unit of volume transacted is both bought and sold by two different traders. While this does not keep me from using the terms, there is no such thing as “buy only” or “sell only” volume. Trader lingo is riddled with peculiarities. Without access to order book information, traders work with the assumption that when price moves up during a bar, there was more buying pressure than selling pressure, just as when buy market orders take out limit ask orders in the order book at successively higher levels. The built-in volume indicator available on TradingView uses this logic to color the volume columns green or red. While this script’s calculations are more precise because it analyses intrabars to calculate its information, it uses pretty much the same imperfect logic. Until Pine scripts can have access to how much volume was transacted at the bid/ask prices, our volume delta calculations will remain a mere proxy.
Repainting
• The values calculated on the realtime bar will update as new information comes from the feed.
• Historical values may recalculate if the historical feed is updated or when calculations start from a new point in history.
• Markers and alerts will not repaint as they only occur on a bar's close. Keep this in mind when viewing markers on historical bars,
where one could understandably and incorrectly assume they appear at the bar's open.
To learn more about repainting, see the Pine Script™ User Manual's page on the subject .
Superfluity
In "The Bed of Procrustes", Nassim Nicholas Taleb writes: To bankrupt a fool, give him information . This indicator can display a lot of information. The inevitable adaptation period you will need to figure out how to use it should help you eliminate all the visuals you do not need. The more you eliminate, the easier it will be to focus on those that are the most useful to your trading practice. Don't be a fool.
█ THANKS
Thanks to alexgrover for his Dekidaka-Ashi indicator. His volume plots on candles were the inspiration for my top/bottom plots.
Kudos to PineCoders for their libraries. I use two of them in this script: Time and lower_tf .
The first versions of this script used functionality that I would not have known about were it not for these two guys:
— A guy called Kuan who commented on a Backtest Rookies presentation of their Volume Profile indicator.
— theheirophant , my partner in the exploration of the sometimes weird abysses of request.security() ’s behavior at lower timeframes.
Commercial Movement Index-BuschiEnglish
Inspired by the book "The Commitments of Traders Bible" by Stephen Briese, this indicator is a follow-up of my already published "Commercial Index-Buschi".
Here, the Commercial Index isn't shown in values from 0 to 100, but in how far the value changed from a given timeframe (default Movement Reference: 6 weeks). Therefore it ranges from 100 (bullish move from the Commercials during the last weeks) to -100 (bearish move).
Deutsch
Inspiriert durch das Buch "The Commitments of Traders Bible" by Stephen Briese, ist dieser Indikator eine Weiterentwicklung meines bereits veröffentlichten Skriptes "Commercial Index-Buschi".
Hier wird der Commercial Index nicht in Werten von 0 bis 100 angezeigt, sondern in wieweit er sich innerhalb eines vorgegebenen Zeitfensters (Standard: Movement Reference: 6 Wochen) verändert hat. Daher schwankt er zwischen 100 (bullishe Bewegung der Commercials innerhalb der letzten Wochen) und -100 (bearishe Bewegung).
Visual RSI [LucF]Visual RSI offers a different way of looking at RSI by providing a composite representation of 9 different RSI-generated components. Instead of focusing on one line only, this approach blends multiple sources to provide the viewer with a larger context RSI-based picture.
For those who don’t want to read
• Green in bullish (>50) zone is the most bullish.
• Red in bullish zone doesn’t necessarily mean bearish—it just means bullish strength is weakening. It may be just a pause before a reprise or exhaustion signalling a reversal—impossible to tell.
• The same in inverse applies to the bearish zone (<50).
For those who want to understand
The nine components making up Visual RSI are:
• a current timeframe RSI
• a higher timeframe RSI
• the delta between these two RSI lines
• for each of these three basic components, two independent Bollinger band: one calculated for the bullish section of the scale (>50) and a separate one calculated for the lower bearish region.
Dual BBs
In my view, RSI’s position with regards to the centerline is much more important than its position in extreme areas. Why? Because the building block of RSI is the ratio of the averages of up/down moves during the RSI period. When the average of ups is greater, RSI is > 50. So while a rising signal starting from 20 let’s say, indicates that the rate of change is increasing, only when it crosses 50 can we say that sentiment balance has truly become bullish, and this information is more reliable than the signal being at a level corresponding to whatever estimate we make of what constitutes an extreme value. In my landscape, the general balance of a ratio provides more valuable information than the ratio’s exact value.
The idea behind the dual BBs is to provide independent tracking information for both halves of the indicator’s space, which I find more useful than the normal method of simply adding a multiple of the standard deviation on both sides of the mean. With dual BBs, the upper BB will never go lower than the indicator’s centerline, and the lower BB will never go higher. The upper BB focuses on upper-bound volatility when the signal is bearish, and the lower BB focuses on downside volatility when the signal is bearish.
The functions used to calculate the independent BBs are reusable on other signals if a centerline can be defined for them. A clamping percentage is implemented, so that when a BB line is hugging the centerline it clamps to it. This helps in providing earlier signals when they use the BB line states.
Providing context to RSI
What RSI measures indirectly is the balance in the rate of change—or the speed of price movement, but not its instant value, otherwise RSI would be even noisier. More precisely, RSI represents the relative strength of the up/down movement in the last n bars of RSI’s length, with 14 often used because that’s what Wilder proposed (Visual RSI’s defaults are 20 for the current timeframe and 40 for the higher timeframe). At every bar, a new value is added to the equation and an old value carrying equal weight is dropped, so a large dropped off value will have more impact on RSI’s value if the new bar’s move is small. This accounts for some of RSI’s speed in identifying exhaustion after important moves, but almost for some of its noise.
Visual RSI is the result of trying to drown RSI’s noise in the context of other informational streams, while simultaneously providing even faster information than RSI alone, by giving more visual weight to the delta between the current and higher timeframe RSI’s.
How to read Visual RSI
The default settings show all 9 basic components as green/red areas of intensities varying with their importance. The most intense colors are reserved for the delta RSI and the BBs have the lightest intensities. The individual lines of components are intentionally difficult to distinguish so that focus is first on the general picture, including the all-important six-state background, and then on the delta RSI.
One entry setup could be reversals in a larger trend context, so low pivots of the delta in a fully bullish context (a green background in the upper section of the indicator), and inversely, high pivots in a fully bearish context (a red background in the lower section of the indicator).
Please resist the common misconception, when interpreting RSI, that a reversal in the signal will necessarily lead to a reversal in price. Each trend has its rhythm. Only machine-generated price action can progress regularly. It’s normal for trends to take a breather for some time before they continue or reverse, as traders driving the trend experience emotional fatigue and gradual fear. RSI reversals merely signify that such a breather has occurred—nothing more. Only the larger context can provide information that can situate that pause and put more meaningful odds on it having more probability of continuing in one direction or the other. This is the reasoning behind the setup just described.
Features
• All components can be hidden, displayed as a simple line, a uniformly colored fill, or a green/red fill (the default).
• The background can be colored using 9 different methods, including 3 six-state methods using the rising/falling BB lines of the 3 basic components. These six states allow for bullish/bearish/neutral sentiment in both the upper and lower regions of the indicator. A bearish (dark red) background in the bullish (>50) section of the indicator represents decreasing bullishness. A bearish (slightly brighter red) in the bearish (<50) section of the indicator means incresingly bearish sentiment. The six-state backgrounds allow for neutral (no color) sentiment when no compelling signs can be found to conclude anything with meaningful odds. The default background uses the six-state method on the higher timeframe RSI’s BBs because I find it the most useful, as it represents the largest—and slowest—context sentiment among all the indicator’s components.
• A thin status bar in the top part of the indicator also allows selection of the same 9 methods to color it. The default is a triple-state system using the rising/falling characteristics of the current timeframe RSI’s BBs to provide a short-term counterbalance to the long-term background.
• Three different markers can be configured using approximately 70 permutations each, each filtered by 20 different filter permutations. When modification of the relevant parameters in the script’s Settings/Settings/Parameters section is added, possibilities are almost endless. If the generated signals are then fed into the PineCoders Engine and combined with the Engine’s own options, the permutations go up another order of magnitude, and changes to any setting can be instantly evaluated using the Engine’s backtesting results.
• Five simple filters can be combined. They are additive. They include volume-related conditions and a chandelier, which I find useful because both volume and volatility (the chandelier using highs/lows and ATR) are sensible complementary sources to RSI’s momentum information. The filter’s state can be shown as a thin line at the bottom of the indicator.
• Alerts can be configured using any of the marker/filter combinations mentioned. As usual, once your markers/filters are set up the way you want, create your alert from the chart/timeframe you want the alert to run on and be sure to use the “Once Per Bar Close” triggering condition. Use an alert message that will remind you of which combination of markers were used when creating the alert.
• A plot providing entry signals for the PineCoders Backtesting & Trading Engine is supplied. It will use whichever marker/filter configuration is active to generate signals.
• All higher timeframe information is non-repainting. Higher timeframe lines can be smoothed (the default). The selection of the higher timeframe can be made using 3 different methods:
1. By steps (if current timeframe <= 1 minute: 60 min, <= 60 min: 1D, <= 6H: 3D, <= 1D: 1W, <=1W: 1M, >1W: 12M)
2. By a user-defined multiple of the current timeframe
3. Using a fixed timeframe
Thanks to:
• Alex Orekhov aka @everget for the chandelier code.
• @RicardoSantos who through a small remark early on, unknowingly put me on the track of eliminating noise through visual crowding.
• The brilliant guys in the PineCoders Pro room for your knowledge, limitless creativity and constant companionship.
How To Use Dynamic ZonesExample of how to apply and use Dynamic Zones with an indicator by injecting it's source into my adaptation of the original idea by Leo Zamansky, Ph.D., and David Stendahl.
• Load your desired oscillating indicator on your chart (CCI, RSI, etc).
• Load my "How To Use Dynamic Zones" indicator on your chart.
• In the "How To Use Dynamic Zones" indicator settings choose your desired oscillating indicator as the Oscillator Source.
You will now have dynamic overbought and oversold levels. I have also included alerts which may be used to indicate when these conditions occur.
If desired you may repeat the above process by loading additional indicators along with additional copies of my indicator to use with each oscillator.
Oscillator Source: CLOSE uses your chosen indicator as a source or you may use price as a source
Sample Length: 70 uses number of previous values for evaluating
Hi is Above X% of Sample: 88 sets overbought zone
Lo is Below X% of Sample: 88 sets oversold zone
The simplest explanation of what these default settings are doing is that they take 70 previous values of your chosen indicator, then create an overbought level that is above 88% of those previous values and an oversold level that is below 88% of those previous values. As new bars form the levels are dynamically reevaluated and updated.
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"This investing style follows a very simple form of logic: Enter the market only when an oscillator has moved far above or below traditional trading levels. However, these oscillator driven systems lack the ability to evolve with the market because they use fixed buy and sell zones. Traders typically use one set of buy and sell zones for a bull market and substantially different zones for a bear market. And therein lies the problem.
Once traders begin introducing their market opinions into trading equations, by changing the zones, they negate the system’s mechanical nature. The objective is to have a system automatically define its own buy and sell zones and thereby profitably trade in any market — bull or bear. Dynamic zones offer a solution to the problem of fixed buy and sell zones for any oscillator-driven system."
Reference: Stocks & Commodities V15:7 (306-310): Dynamic Zones by Leo Zamansky, Ph.D., and David Stendahl
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NOTICE: This is an example script and not meant to be used as an actual strategy. By using this script or any portion thereof, you acknowledge that you have read and understood that this is for research purposes only and I am not responsible for any financial losses you may incur by using this script!
Total Power IndicatorHello traders!
This indicator was originally developed by Daniel Fernandez (Currency Trader magazine, 2011).
It is based on the two well-known indicators by Dr. Alexander Elder - Bulls Power and Bears Power.
Signals
1) Long when Bull and Total lines indicate 100 (it happens rarely)
2) Short when Bear and Total lines indicate 100 (it happens rarely)
3) Bull and Bear lines crossovers
4) Long when Bull line crosses Total line from below
5) Short when Bear line crosses Total line from below
6) Long/Short when Bull/Bear lines cross adjustable level.
Like and follow for more open source indicators!
Happy Trading!
Volume Strength Candles / Colored BarsIs Price Action Higher or Lower on STRONG or WEAK VOLUME from lookback
(Strong or Weak Bulls // Strong or Weak Bears)
Candles / Bars Indicate the Following (default 13 period lookback / Length)
MAROON Bear Candle with STRONG VOLUME more than 150% of the lookback / length (13 default), STRONG Bear Candle Confirmed With Volume
RED Bear Candle while VOLUME is BETWEEN 50% & 150% of the Lookback / Length (13 default), Neutral Bear Volume Neither strong or weak
ORANGE Bear Candle with WEAK VOLUME (Less than 50% of the Length / Lookback)
DARK GREEN Bull Candle with STRONG VOLUME MORE than 150% of lookback
GREEN Bull Candle with Neutral VOLUME BETWEEN 50% & 150% of the lookback / Length
AQUA Bull Candle with WEAK VOLUME less than 50% of the Lookback
Is price confirmed by volume?
Can Change the Lookback / Length from 13
Can Change the Colors and Transparency to easily see based off your chart background colors I recommend ZERO Transparency to easily identify volume strength (i use white background but many use black or other)
Bitfinex Bitcoin BullishnessBased on contrary opinion in futures, I've adjusted this to Bitcoin, more thoroughly Bitfinex margin longs & shorts. Those unfamiliar with the concept, contrary opinion illustrates the psychological sentiment in the market by determining the degree of bullishness or bearishness among participants in the market.
The principle holds that when the majority of people agree on anything, they are generally wrong, so following the principle you would analyse and look to take the other side of the trades.
Consider this, once the market is extremely bullish, all bulls have already entered the market to an extent that one can't commit any more funds to the position. Even though Bitfinex margin positions are not like future trading, that every short must have someone taking the long side, one should understand that the majority of people do not make money on the market, so whenever this indicator goes too low or too high, one should look for a trend reversal.
This indicator is in the range of 0 to 1 and the neutral position for a "healthy" market is 0.55ish. Some adjustments should probably be made according to the cryptocurrency markets and I might add this in the future updates, but as of now it's a good indicator for forecasts and to get a bigger picture on a timeframe of 1 DAY or longer charts.
The base of the indicator is simple, amount of longs divided by the sum of shorts and longs.
Also you can see, how only now, 10th of April, we are hitting new lows in the bearishness of the market.
Two Bar Break Line Alerts R1.0 by JustUncleLThis indicator with default settings is designed for BINARY OPTIONS trading. The indicator can also be used for Forex trading with some setting changes. The script shows Two Bar Pullback Break lines and alerts when those Break lines are Touched (broken) creating a short term momentum entry condition.
For a Bullish Break (Green Up Arrow) to occur: first must have two (or three) consecutive bear (red) candles which is followed by a bull (green) candle creating a pivot point. The breakout occurs then the High of the current Bull (green) exceeds the highest point of the previous two (or three) pivotal bear candles. The green channel Line shows where the current Bullish BreakOut occurs.
For a Bearish Break (Red Down Arrow) to occur: first must have two (or three) consecutive bull (green) candles which is followed by a bear (red) candle creating a pivot point. The breakout occurs when the Low of the current Bear (red) drops below the lowest point of the previous two (or three) pivotal Bull candles. The red channel Line shows where the current Bearish BreakOut occurs.
The break Line Arrows can optionally be filtered by the Coloured MA (enabled by default), a longer term directional MA (disabled by default) and/or a MACD condition (enabled by default) as a momentum filter.
You can optionally select three Bar break lines instead of two. The three bar break lines are actually equivalent to Guppy's Three Bar Count Back Line method for trade entries (see Guppy's video reference below).
Included in this indicator is an ability to display some basic Binary Option statistics, when enabled (enabled by default) it shows Successful Bars in Yellow and failed Bars in Black and the last Nine numbers on the script title line represent the Binary option Statistics in order:
%ITM rate
Total orders
Successful Orders
Failed Orders
Total candles tested
Candles per Day
Trades per Day
Max Consecutive Wins
Max Consecutive Losses
You can start the Binary Option statistics from a specific Date, which is handy for checking more recent history.
HINTS:
BINARY OPTIONS trading: use 5min, 15m, 1hr or even Daily charts. Trade after the price touches one of the Breakout lines and the Arrow first appears. Wait for the price to come back from Break Line by 1 or 2 pips, the alert arrow must stay on and candle change to black, then take Binary trade expiry End of Candle. If price pull back and arrow turns off, don't trade this candle, move on you probably don't have momentum, there will be plenty of other trigger events. The backtesting results are good with ITM rates 65% to 72% on many currency pairs, commodities and indices. Realtime trading has confirmed the backtesting results and they could even be bettered, provided you are selective on which signals to trade (strong MACD support etc), that you are patient and disciplined to this trading method.
FOREX trading: the default settings should work with scalping. For longer term trades try with settings change to a more standard MACD filter or slower to catch the longer term momentum swings and the idea would be to trade the first Break Line alert that occurs after a decent Pullback in the direction of the trend. Setting the SL to just above/below the Pivot High/Low and set target to two or three times SL.
References:
"Fundamentals of Price Action Trading for Forex, Stocks, Options and Futures" video:
www.youtube.com
Other videos by "basecamptrading" on Naked Trading.
"Taking Profits in Today's Market by Daryl Guppy" video:
www.youtube.com
Universal Longs Vs. Shorts - Ratio (Any Symbol)Hello again all my Trading View friends!
This script is a variation of my other script "Universal Longs Vs. Shorts - Percentage (Any Symbol)"
It allows you to choose ANY symbol and plot the ratio against ANY other symbol, as an indicator on your given pair. It is primarily used as an indicator of longs/shorts as well as shorts/longs as a ratio to each other.
For example, you could plot BITFINEX:BTCUSDLONGS against BITFINEX:BTCUSDSHORTS.
It plots the ratio of longs/shorts or shorts/longs. For example:
If there are more longs than shorts open, the long ratio will be great than 1 with no upper limit.
If there are less longs than shorts open, the ratio will be less than 1 but greater than 0.
The same is true when comparing shorts to longs. You can choose to view Longs Ratio only, Shorts Ratio only, or Both.
This is useful to see how many more longs there are than shorts, and visa versa, at any given time interval. It does not take into consideration total volume of longs + shorts to get an absolute number, but rather a relative ratio to each other.
If there are many more positions open in one direction over the other, the ratio will rise higher and higher away from 1, which lets you know generally that there is a lot greater volume of that position open compared to its reverse.
If you found this script helpful please remember to FOLLOW and press LIKE!!
More useful scripts to come :-D
Universal Longs Vs. Shorts - Percentage (Any Symbol)Hello all my Trading View friends!!
This script allows you to choose ANY symbol and plot the ratio against ANY other symbol, as an indicator on your given pair. It is primarily used as an indicator of longs/shorts as well as shorts/longs as a percentage of total longs + shorts.
For example, you could plot BITFINEX:BTCUSDLONGS against BITFINEX:BTCUSDSHORTS.
It takes the ratio from an absolute 100%, rather than relative to each other. Therefore, each plot has a minimum of 0% and a maximum of 100%. You can choose to view Longs Percentage only, Shorts Percentage only, or Both.
This is useful to see what percentage of total positions are either long or short at any given time interval.
If you found this script helpful please remember to FOLLOW and press LIKE!!
NG [Simple Harmonic Oscillator]The SHO is a bounded oscillator for the simple harmonic index that calculates the period of the market’s cycle.
The oscillator is used for short and intermediate terms and moves within a range of -100 to 100 percent.
The SHO has overbought and oversold levels at +40 and -40, respectively.
At extreme periods, the oscillator may reach the levels of +60 and -60.
The zero level demonstrates an equilibrium between the periods of bulls and bears.
The SHO oscillates between +40 and -40.
The crossover at those levels creates buy and sell signals.
In an uptrend, the SHO fluctuates between 0 and +40 where the bulls are controlling the market.
On the contrary, the SHO fluctuates between 0 and -40 during downtrends where the bears controlthe market.
Reaching the extreme level -60 in an uptrend is a sign of weakness.
Force Index with Buy on Dip strategyThis charts has 2 indicators
1 - Force Index
This indicator is based on Dr Alexander Elder ForceIndex indicator with relate price to volume by multiplying net change and volume.
- GREEN Bar indicates Bull is in control
- RED Bar indicates Bear is in control.
LENGTH of the bar indicate the strength of Bull or Bear.
Normally there's potential BUY if the RED bar turned GREEN and SELL if GREEN to RED.
2 - Stochastic momentum
Stochastic momentum is to detect potential Reversal where BLUE bar will appear if :-
- Oversold - Stochastic less than 35
- Closing price is higher than last 2 High (Fast Turtle)
// Note : Best use with "EMA Indicators with BUY sell Signal"
Hersheys Volume Pressure v1Hersheys Volume Pressure gives you very nice confirmation of trend starts and stops using volume and price.
For up bars...
If you have a large price range with low volume, that's very bullish.
If you have a small price range with low volume, that's bullish.
For down bars...
If you have a large price range with low volume, that's very bearish.
If you have a small price range with low volume, that's bearish.
Look at the chart and you'll see how trends start and end with a PINCH and widen in the middle of the moves.
Hersheys Volume Pressure is unique, in that it measures bull/bear pressure on each bar by itself. Other volume indicators like On Balnce Volume and Price Volume Trend use cumulative differences in the current and previous bar to show trends.
You can set the moving average period, 14 is the default.
Good trading!
Brian Hershey
Murrey Math Extremes ComparatorHOW IT WORKS
Creates two murrey math oscillators (hidden) one with 256 length another with 32 length and compare each other.
WHAT GIVE ME THIS SCRIPT
The script can give you very valuable information:
- Main Trend
- Pullbacks detections
- Extreme overbought oversold prices alerts
- Divergences
- Any timeframe usage
REFERENCES OF USAGE
Main Trend Indications
****The main trend is indicated with green(bull) or red(bears) small "triangles" on the bottom(bull) or the top(bears) of the chart.
*****To detect the Bull/Bear major trend the script use 256 murrey, if > 0 (green) we are uptrend in other cases we are downtrend
Pullback detection
****The pullbacks are indicated with Green(bull) or red(bears) medium "Arrows"
*****To detect pullbacks the system compare the long term murrey with the short term murrey, if long term is Green(green triangles)
*****so we are in a main bull trend, if the short term murrey make an extreme low then the pullback is indicated
*****The same for the short pullback, if long term murrey is RED and we have an extreme green short term murrey we shot a red arrow
Extreme Overbught/Oversold
****The extreme OO is indicated with fancy diamonds
*****To detect the Extremes price movements we combine the two murrey, if Long Term Murrey is overbought and short term murrey too
*****Then the diamond show on the screen obove or below based on the extreme if overbought or oversold
Strategy Resume:
Triangles indicate Major Trend Up/Down
Arrows Indicate Continuation pullbacks
Diamonds Indicate Extreme Prices
GUIDE HOW TO IMAGES
How it's works Behind Scene
Indicators: Volume-Weighted MACD Histogram & Sentiment Zone OscVolume-Weighted MACD Histogram
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Volume-Weighted MACD Histogram, first discussed by Buff Dormeier, is a modified version of MACD study. It calculates volume-averaged Close price for finding the histogram.
More info:
www.moneyshow.com
Sentiment Zone Oscillator
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Sentiment Zone Oscillator, developed by Walid Khalil, is a complementing oscillator to VZO and PZO.
To quote Walid:
>> The sentiment zone oscillator (SZO) is a leading contrary oscillator that measures the extreme emotions of a single market or share.
>> It measures and defines both extremes, bullishness (overoptimism) and bearishness (overpessimism), that could lead to a change
>> in sentiment, eventually changing the trend of the time frame under study. The SZO was devised on the belief that after several waves
>> of rising prices, investors begin to get bullish on the stock with increasing confidence since the price has been rising for some time.
>> The SZO measures that bullishness/bearishness and marks overbought/oversold levels.
SZO has its own oversold/overbought bands. Also, when SZO goes above 7, it indicates extreme optimism. When the SZO goes below -7, it indicates extreme pessimism.
More info: www.traders.com
How to import / use custom indicators from this chart?
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PDF: drive.google.com
ZS Game Changer Pump & Dump DetectorZS GAME CHANGER PUMP AND DUMP DETECTOR - TOP 2 MOMENTUM TRACKER
Created by Zakaria Safri
An intelligent indicator specifically designed to identify and highlight the two most significant pump and dump candles within your selected lookback period. Perfect for traders who want to focus on the game-changing moves that truly matter in volatile markets like cryptocurrency, stocks, and forex.
CORE FEATURES
AUTOMATIC GAME CHANGER DETECTION
The indicator continuously scans your specified lookback period and automatically identifies the top 2 strongest pump candles and top 2 strongest dump candles. These game-changing candles are highlighted with distinctive gold labels and horizontal reference lines, making them instantly visible on your chart. Unlike other indicators that show every small move, this focuses exclusively on the market-moving moments that define trends and create opportunities.
INTELLIGENT PUMP AND DUMP CLASSIFICATION
Uses advanced percentage-based calculations to classify candles as pumps when price surges significantly upward and dumps when price plunges sharply downward. The detection system accounts for candle body size, wick proportions, and volume confirmation to ensure only legitimate momentum moves trigger signals. Customizable thresholds allow adaptation to any market volatility profile from calm stocks to wild altcoins.
ADVANCED WICK EXCLUSION FILTER
Eliminates false signals caused by candles with large wicks and small bodies. This filter focuses analysis exclusively on candles with substantial body sizes that indicate genuine directional conviction rather than temporary spikes followed by rejection. The body to candle ratio is fully adjustable to match your preferred signal quality standards.
VOLUME CONFIRMATION SYSTEM
Optional volume filter ensures detected pumps and dumps are backed by real market participation. The indicator compares current volume against a moving average and only triggers signals when volume exceeds your specified multiplier threshold. This eliminates low-volume noise and focuses on moves supported by institutional or crowd participation.
RALLY SEQUENCE DETECTION
Identifies and highlights consecutive sequences of pump or dump candles with colored background overlays. Green background indicates sustained buying pressure across multiple candles while red background shows sustained selling pressure. The rally detection system includes an optional one-miss allowance that prevents the sequence from breaking due to a single neutral candle.
HORIZONTAL REFERENCE LINES
Draws dashed lines from each game changer candle extending to the current bar, providing constant visual reference to the most significant support and resistance levels created by extreme momentum. The top game changer gets a thick dashed line while the second gets a dotted line for easy differentiation. Labels on the right side display the exact percentage move.
COMPREHENSIVE STATISTICS DASHBOARD
Real-time information panel showing current market status as pumping, dumping, or neutral along with the current candle percentage change. Displays the exact percentage values for top pump number 1, top pump number 2, top dump number 1, and top dump number 2. Shows running totals of all pumps and dumps detected since chart load. Tracks consecutive candle counts during active rally sequences.
TESTING AND VERIFICATION MODE
Built-in debug mode displays percentage change directly on each qualifying pump and dump candle, allowing instant verification that calculations are accurate. Shows which filters are currently active with a simple code in the dashboard. Helps traders understand exactly why certain candles qualified as game changers.
HOW THE GAME CHANGER DETECTION WORKS
SCANNING ALGORITHM
Every bar close, the indicator scans backward through your specified lookback period examining every candle's percentage change from its previous close. For bullish moves, it identifies the two candles with the largest positive percentage change that meet your threshold requirements. For bearish moves, it identifies the two candles with the largest negative percentage change meeting threshold requirements.
RANKING SYSTEM
Candles are ranked purely by their percentage move magnitude. The number 1 game changer is always the single strongest move in the lookback period. The number 2 game changer is the second strongest move. Rankings update dynamically as new candles form and old candles exit the lookback window.
VISUAL IDENTIFICATION
Game changer number 1 for both pumps and dumps receives a large gold label reading GAME CHANGER NUMBER 1 with zero transparency for maximum visibility. Game changer number 2 receives a slightly smaller gold label with partial transparency. The candle bars themselves are colored in gold instead of the standard green or red. Horizontal lines extend from the game changer price level to current bar.
FILTER APPLICATION
Only candles that pass your configured filters qualify for game changer consideration. If wick exclusion is enabled, candles with large wicks and small bodies are ignored. If volume confirmation is enabled, only candles with above-average volume qualify. This ensures game changers represent legitimate market moves rather than aberrations.
PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
FOR CRYPTOCURRENCY TRADERS
Crypto markets experience extreme volatility with occasional massive pump and dump candles that define entire trends. This indicator instantly identifies which candles represent true market structure shifts versus normal noise. Use the game changer levels as key support and resistance for entries, exits, and stop placement. The top pump often marks the local high to watch for breakouts while the top dump marks the local low for reversal trades.
FOR DAY TRADERS
Intraday charts contain hundreds of candles but only a few truly matter for the session outcome. Game changer detection filters out 98 percent of candles to show you the 2 percent that drove the actual price movement. Enter trades on the side of the strongest recent game changer. Use game changer levels as magnet prices where algorithmic trading often returns.
FOR SWING TRADERS
On daily and four-hour timeframes, game changers represent major institutional activity or news-driven moves. The top dump often marks capitulation selling that creates reversal opportunities. The top pump often marks FOMO buying that creates resistance levels. Swing traders can build positions knowing these levels will be defended or tested multiple times.
FOR VOLATILITY ANALYSIS
Understanding which candles created the most volatility helps assess market risk. Multiple game changers clustered together indicate unstable choppy conditions. Game changers separated by many neutral candles indicate trending stable conditions. Use this context to adjust position sizing and stop distances appropriately.
FOR SUPPORT AND RESISTANCE TRADING
Game changer candles create the strongest support and resistance levels because they represent prices where massive volume transacted in short time periods. These levels have higher probability of holding on retest compared to arbitrary moving averages or pivot points. Trade bounces off game changer levels or breakouts through them.
RECOMMENDED SETTINGS BY MARKET
CRYPTOCURRENCY 15-MINUTE TO 1-HOUR CHARTS
Candle Size Threshold: 2.0 percent
Body to Candle Ratio: 0.5
Volume Multiplier: 1.5 times average
Game Changer Lookback: 100 bars
Extreme Threshold: 3.5 percent
Enable Wick Filter: Yes
Enable Volume Confirmation: Yes
Minimum Rally Candles: 3
STOCKS DAILY CHARTS
Candle Size Threshold: 1.0 percent
Body to Candle Ratio: 0.6
Volume Multiplier: 2.0 times average
Game Changer Lookback: 50 bars
Extreme Threshold: 2.5 percent
Enable Wick Filter: Yes
Enable Volume Confirmation: Yes
Minimum Rally Candles: 2
FOREX 1-HOUR TO 4-HOUR CHARTS
Candle Size Threshold: 0.5 percent
Body to Candle Ratio: 0.5
Volume Multiplier: Not applicable
Game Changer Lookback: 80 bars
Extreme Threshold: 1.0 percent
Enable Wick Filter: Yes
Enable Volume Confirmation: No
Minimum Rally Candles: 3
SCALPING 1-MINUTE TO 5-MINUTE CHARTS
Candle Size Threshold: 0.8 percent
Body to Candle Ratio: 0.4
Volume Multiplier: 1.2 times average
Game Changer Lookback: 50 bars
Extreme Threshold: 1.5 percent
Enable Wick Filter: No
Enable Volume Confirmation: Yes
Minimum Rally Candles: 2
WHAT IS INCLUDED
Automatic identification of top 2 pump candles
Automatic identification of top 2 dump candles
Gold colored game changer labels with size differentiation
Gold colored candle bars for game changers
Horizontal reference lines from game changers to current price
Regular pump and dump detection with green and red candles
Rally sequence detection with background highlighting
Extreme move detection and labeling system
Real-time statistics dashboard with all key metrics
Percentage change debug mode for verification
Volume confirmation filter with adjustable multiplier
Wick exclusion filter with adjustable body ratio
Customizable lookback period from 20 to 500 bars
Consecutive candle counter for rally tracking
Alert system for game changers, pumps, dumps, and rallies
Works on all timeframes from 1 minute to monthly
Compatible with stocks, forex, cryptocurrency, and futures
UNDERSTANDING GAME CHANGERS
WHAT MAKES A CANDLE A GAME CHANGER
A game changer is not just a large move but the largest move within context. In a volatile crypto market, a 5 percent pump might not rank in the top 2. In a stable stock, a 2 percent pump could be the number 1 game changer. The indicator adapts to your specific instrument and timeframe to find what truly matters in that context.
WHY FOCUS ON TOP 2 ONLY
Markets are driven by a small number of significant moves rather than the average of all moves. By focusing exclusively on the top 2 in each direction, traders can ignore noise and concentrate on the price levels that actually matter for support, resistance, and momentum. This creates clarity in decision making.
GAME CHANGERS AS MARKET STRUCTURE
The top pump often marks the recent high that bulls must break to continue uptrend. The top dump often marks the recent low that bears must break to continue downtrend. These become the key levels around which all other price action rotates. Understanding this structure is essential for profitable trading.
GAME CHANGERS AS SENTIMENT INDICATORS
Consecutive pump game changers signal strong bullish sentiment and FOMO conditions. Consecutive dump game changers signal fear and capitulation. Alternating pump and dump game changers signal indecision and range conditions. Read the pattern of game changers to gauge market psychology.
VERIFICATION AND TESTING
HOW TO VERIFY ACCURACY
Enable Show Debug Info on Chart in the Testing and Debug settings group. This displays the percentage change calculation directly on every qualifying pump and dump candle. Manually verify by calculating open minus close divided by close multiplied by 100. The debug percentage should match your manual calculation exactly.
HOW TO TEST FILTERS
Toggle wick exclusion filter on and off while watching how many candles qualify. With filter on, candles with long wicks and small bodies should disappear. Toggle volume confirmation on and off to see how low-volume candles get excluded. Adjust the thresholds and watch the real-time impact on signal count.
HOW TO VERIFY GAME CHANGERS
Look at your chart and visually identify which candle had the biggest green body in the lookback period. The game changer number 1 pump label should be on that exact candle. Repeat for the biggest red candle to verify game changer number 1 dump. The rankings should match your visual assessment.
LOOKBACK PERIOD EFFECTS
Decrease the lookback period to 20 bars and watch game changers update to only recent moves. Increase to 500 bars and watch game changers potentially change to older historic moves. The optimal lookback balances recency with significance. Too short misses important levels, too long includes irrelevant history.
DASHBOARD INFORMATION GUIDE
STATUS ROW
Shows PUMPING when current candle qualifies as a pump, DUMPING when current candle qualifies as a dump, or NEUTRAL when current candle does not meet threshold requirements. This updates in real-time on every bar close.
CURRENT CHANGE ROW
Displays the percentage change of the current candle from its previous close. Positive percentages indicate bullish candle, negative indicate bearish candle. This number may or may not meet your threshold to qualify as pump or dump.
TOP PUMP NUMBER 1
The highest positive percentage change found in your lookback period. This candle is marked with the large gold GAME CHANGER NUMBER 1 label below it. Shows N/A if no pumps exist in the lookback period.
TOP PUMP NUMBER 2
The second highest positive percentage change found in your lookback period. Marked with smaller gold GAME CHANGER NUMBER 2 label. Shows N/A if only one or zero pumps exist.
TOP DUMP NUMBER 1
The highest negative percentage change magnitude found in your lookback period. This candle is marked with the large gold GAME CHANGER NUMBER 1 label above it. Shows N/A if no dumps exist.
TOP DUMP NUMBER 2
The second highest negative percentage change magnitude found in your lookback period. Marked with smaller gold GAME CHANGER NUMBER 2 label. Shows N/A if only one or zero dumps exist.
TOTAL PUMPS
Running count of all pump candles detected since you loaded the indicator on this chart. This number continuously increases as new qualifying pumps form. Resets when you reload the chart.
TOTAL DUMPS
Running count of all dump candles detected since chart load. Increases as new qualifying dumps form and resets on chart reload.
CONSECUTIVE
Shows the current count of consecutive pump or dump candles during an active rally. Displays 3 UP during a 3-candle pump rally or 5 DN during a 5-candle dump rally. Shows 0 when no rally is active.
ALERT SYSTEM
GAME CHANGER DETECTED ALERT
Triggers whenever the current candle becomes one of the top 2 pumps or top 2 dumps. This is the highest priority alert indicating a market-moving event just occurred. Use this alert for immediate notification of significant opportunities.
PUMP DETECTED ALERT
Triggers on every candle that qualifies as a pump according to your threshold and filter settings. This includes regular pumps and extreme pumps but excludes game changers which have their separate alert. Use for general upward momentum monitoring.
DUMP DETECTED ALERT
Triggers on every candle that qualifies as a dump according to your settings. Includes regular and extreme dumps but excludes game changers. Use for general downward momentum monitoring.
PUMP RALLY STARTED ALERT
Triggers when consecutive pump candles reach your minimum rally threshold. Indicates the beginning of a sustained upward movement sequence. Use to catch trends early.
DUMP RALLY STARTED ALERT
Triggers when consecutive dump candles reach your minimum rally threshold. Indicates the beginning of a sustained downward movement sequence. Use for trend following or reversal timing.
ALERT MESSAGE FORMAT
All alerts include the ticker symbol and current price using TradingView placeholders. Messages are descriptive and specify which type of signal triggered. Alerts work with TradingView notification system including email, SMS, webhook, and app notifications.
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
CALCULATION METHODOLOGY
Percentage change calculated as current close minus previous close divided by previous close multiplied by 100. Body ratio calculated as absolute value of close minus open divided by high minus low. Volume elevation calculated as current volume divided by 20-period simple moving average of volume. Game changer ranking uses absolute value comparison across entire lookback array.
PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS
Lightweight calculations optimized for speed on all timeframes. No repainting of signals ensuring all triggers are final on bar close. Variables properly scoped with var keyword for memory efficiency. Maximum bars back set to 500 to prevent excessive historical loading. Updates in real-time on every bar close without lag.
COMPATIBILITY
Works on all TradingView plans including free, pro, and premium. Compatible with stocks, forex, cryptocurrency, futures, indices, and commodities. Functions correctly on all timeframes from 1 second to monthly. No external data requests ensuring fast loading. Overlay true setting places directly on price chart.
RISK DISCLAIMER
This indicator is a technical analysis tool for identifying momentum and should not be used as the sole basis for trading decisions. Game changer levels can be broken during strong trends and are not guaranteed support or resistance. Pump and dump detection does not predict future price direction. Always use proper risk management with stop losses on every trade. Combine this indicator with other forms of analysis including fundamentals, market context, and risk assessment. Practice on demo accounts before live trading. Past performance of game changer signals does not guarantee future results. Trading carries substantial risk of loss and is not suitable for all investors. The creator is not responsible for trading losses incurred while using this tool.
SUPPORT AND UPDATES
Regular updates based on user feedback and market evolution. Built following PineCoders industry standards and best practices for code quality. Clean well-documented code structure for transparency and auditability. Optimized performance across all timeframes and instruments. Active development with continuous improvements and feature additions.
WHY CHOOSE ZS GAME CHANGER PUMP AND DUMP DETECTOR
Focuses on what matters by highlighting only the top 2 moves in each direction instead of cluttering your chart with every small fluctuation. Saves time by automatically identifying the most significant candles rather than requiring manual scanning. Provides clarity through visual gold labels and reference lines that make game changers unmistakable. Adapts to any market with customizable thresholds for volatility and volume. Eliminates noise with advanced wick and volume filters ensuring signal quality. Offers verification through debug mode proving calculations are accurate and trustworthy. Includes comprehensive statistics showing exact percentages and counts. Works everywhere across all markets, timeframes, and instruments without modification.
Transform your chart analysis by focusing exclusively on the game-changing moments that define trends and create opportunities.
Version 1.1 | Created by Zakaria Safri | Pine Script Version 5 | PineCoders Compliant
SuperTrend MAAfter building SuperBands, I kept thinking about what happens at the midpoint between those two volatility-adaptive envelopes. The upper and lower bands are both trailing price based on ATR and EMA smoothing, but they're operating independently in opposite directions. Taking their average seemed like it might produce an interesting centerline that adapts to volatility in a way that regular moving averages don't. Turns out it does, and that's what this indicator is.
The core concept is straightforward. Instead of plotting the upper and lower SuperBands separately, this calculates both of them internally, averages their values, and then applies an additional smoothing pass with EMA to create a single centerline. That centerline sits roughly in the middle of where the bands would be, but because it's derived from ATR-offset trailing stops rather than direct price smoothing, it behaves differently than a standard moving average of the same length. During trending periods, the centerline tracks closer to price because one of the underlying bands is actively trailing while the other is dormant. During consolidation, both bands compress toward price and the centerline tends to oscillate more with shorter-term movements.
What's interesting is that this acts like a supertrend all by itself with directional behavior baked in. When one of the underlying supertrend waves dominates, meaning price is strongly trending in one direction and only one band is active, you get what feels like a "true" supertrend, whatever that means exactly. The centerline locks into trend-following mode and the color gradient reflects that commitment. You get bright bullish colors during sustained uptrends when the upper band is doing all the work, and strong bearish colors during downtrends when the lower band dominates. But when both bands are active and fighting for control, which happens during consolidation or choppy conditions, the centerline settles into more neutral tones that clearly signal you're in a ranging environment. The colors really do emphasize this behavior and make it visually obvious which regime you're in.
The smoothing parameter controls how aggressively the underlying SuperBand trails adapt to price, which indirectly affects how responsive the centerline is. Lower values make the bands tighter and more reactive, so the centerline follows price action more closely. Higher values create wider bands that only respond to sustained moves, which produces a smoother centerline that filters out more noise. The center smoothing parameter applies a second EMA pass specifically to the averaged midpoint, giving you independent control over how much additional lag you want on the final output versus the raw band average.
What makes this different from just slapping an EMA on price is that the underlying bands are already volatility-aware through their ATR calculations. When volatility spikes, the bands widen and the centerline adjusts its position relative to price based on where those bands settle. A traditional moving average would just smooth over the volatility spike without adjusting its distance from price. This approach incorporates volatility information into the centerline's positioning, which can help it stay relevant during regime changes where fixed-period moving averages tend to lag badly or whipsaw.
The color gradient adds a momentum overlay using the same angle-based calculation from SuperBands. The centerline's rate of change gets normalized by an RMS estimate of its historical movement range, converted to an angle through arctangent scaling, and then mapped to a color gradient. When the centerline is rising, it gradients from neutral toward your chosen bullish color, with brightness increasing as the rate of ascent steepens. When falling, it shifts toward the bearish color with intensity tied to the descent rate. This gives you an immediate visual sense of whether the centerline is accelerating, decelerating, or moving at a stable pace.
Configuration is simpler than SuperBands since you're only dealing with a single output line instead of separate bull and bear envelopes. The length parameter controls the underlying band behavior. ATR period and multiplier determine how much space the bands allocate around price before they trail. Center smoothing adds the extra EMA pass on the averaged midpoint. You can tune these independently to get different characteristics. A tight ATR multiplier with heavy center smoothing creates a smooth line that stays close to price. A wide multiplier with light center smoothing produces a line that swings more freely and adapts faster to directional changes.
From a practical standpoint, this works well as a trend filter or dynamic support and resistance reference. Price above the centerline with bullish coloring suggests a favorable environment for long positions. Price below with bearish coloring indicates the opposite. Crossovers can signal trend changes, though like any moving average system, you'll get whipsaws in choppy conditions. The advantage over traditional MAs is that the volatility adaptation tends to reduce false signals during transitional periods where volatility is expanding but direction hasn't fully committed.
The implementation reuses the entire SuperBands logic, which means all the smoothing and state management for the trailing stops is identical. The only addition is averaging the two band outputs and applying the final EMA pass. The color calculation follows the same RMS-normalized angle approach but applies it to the centerline's delta rather than the individual band deltas. This keeps the coloring consistent with how SuperBands handles momentum visualization while adapting it to a single line instead of dual envelopes.
What this really highlights is that you can derive moving averages from mechanisms other than direct price smoothing. By building the centerline from volatility-adjusted trailing stops, you get adaptive behavior that responds to both price movement and volatility regime without needing separate inputs or complex multi-stage calculations. Whether that adaptation provides a meaningful edge depends on your strategy and market, but it's a fundamentally different approach than the typical fixed-period or adaptive MAs that adjust length based on volatility or momentum indicators.
SuperBandsI've been seeing a lot of volatility band indicators pop up recently, and after watching this trend for a while, I figured it was time to throw my two chips in. The original spark for this idea came years ago from RicardoSantos's Vector Flow Channel script, which used decay channels with timed events in an interesting way. That concept stuck with me, and I kept thinking about how to build something that captured the same kind of dynamic envelope behavior but with a different mathematical foundation. What I ended up with is a hybrid that takes the core logic of supertrend trailing stops, smooths them heavily with exponential moving averages, and wraps them in Donchian-style filled bands with momentum-based color gradients.
The basic mechanism here is pretty straightforward. Standard supertrend calculates a trailing stop based on ATR offset from price, then flips direction when price crosses the trail. This implementation does the same thing but adds EMA smoothing to the trail calculation itself, which removes a lot of the choppiness you get from raw supertrend during sideways periods. The smoothing period is adjustable, so you can tune how reactive versus stable you want the bands to be. Lower smoothing values make the bands track price more aggressively, higher values create wider, slower-moving envelopes that only respond to sustained directional moves.
Where this diverges from typical supertrend implementations is in the visual presentation and the separate treatment of bullish and bearish conditions. Instead of a single flipping line, you get persistent upper and lower bands that each track their own trailing stops independently. The bullish band trails below price and stays active as long as price doesn't break below it. The bearish band trails above price and remains active until price breaks above. Both bands can be visible simultaneously, which gives you a dynamic channel that adapts to volatility on both sides of price action. When price is trending strongly, one band will dominate and the other will disappear. During consolidation, both bands tend to compress toward price.
The color gradients are calculated by measuring the rate of change in each band's position and converting that delta into an angle using arctangent scaling. Steeper angles, which correspond to the band moving quickly to catch up with accelerating price, get brighter colors. Flatter angles, where the band is moving slowly or staying relatively stable, fade toward more muted tones. This gives you a visual sense of momentum within the bands themselves, not just from price movement. A rapidly brightening band often precedes expansion or breakout conditions, while fading colors suggest the trend is losing steam or entering consolidation.
The filled regions between price and each band serve a similar function to Donchian channels or Keltner bands, creating clearly defined zones that represent normal price behavior relative to recent volatility. When price hugs one band and the fill area compresses, you're in a strong directional regime. When price bounces between both bands and the fills expand, you're in a ranging environment. The transparency gradients in the fills make it easier to see when price is near the edge of the envelope versus safely inside it.
Configuration is split between bullish and bearish settings, which lets you asymmetrically tune the indicator if you find that your market or timeframe has different characteristics in uptrends versus downtrends. You can adjust ATR period, ATR multiplier, and smoothing independently for each direction. This flexibility is useful for instruments that exhibit different volatility profiles during bull and bear phases, or for strategies that want tighter trailing on longs than shorts, or vice versa.
The ATR period controls the lookback window for volatility measurement. Shorter periods make the bands react quickly to recent volatility spikes, which can be beneficial in fast-moving markets but also leads to more frequent whipsaws. Longer periods smooth out volatility estimates and create more stable bands at the cost of slower adaptation. The multiplier scales the ATR offset, directly controlling how far the bands sit from price. Smaller multipliers keep the bands tight, triggering more frequent direction changes. Larger multipliers create wider envelopes that give price more room to move without breaking the trail.
One thing to note is that this indicator doesn't generate explicit buy or sell signals in the traditional sense. It's a regime filter and envelope tool. You can use band breaks as directional cues if you want, but the primary value comes from understanding the current volatility environment and whether price is respecting or violating its recent behavioral boundaries. Pairing this with momentum oscillators or volume analysis tends to work better than treating band breaks as standalone entries.
From an implementation perspective, the supertrend state machine tracks whether each direction's trail is active, handles resets when price breaks through, and manages the EMA smoothing on the trail points themselves rather than just post-processing the supertrend output. This means the smoothing is baked into the trailing logic, which creates a different response curve than if you just applied an EMA to a standard supertrend line. The angle calculations use RMS estimation for the delta normalization range, which adapts to changing volatility and keeps the color gradients responsive across different market conditions.
What this really demonstrates is that there are endless ways to combine basic technical concepts into something that feels fresh without reinventing mathematics. ATR offsets, trailing stops, EMA smoothing, and Donchian fills are all standard building blocks, but arranging them in a particular way produces behavior that's distinct from each component alone. Whether this particular arrangement works better than other volatility band systems depends entirely on your market, timeframe, and what you're trying to accomplish. For me, it scratched the itch I had from seeing Vector Flow years ago and wanting to build something in that same conceptual space using tools I'm more comfortable with.
